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Epiglottal Trill Information

In the epiglottal trill, the larynx is raised and the pharynx constricted, so that the epiglottis vibrates instead of the vocal cords. In the related aryepiglottal trill, the arytenoid cartilages vibrate.

Epiglottal consonants are often allophonically trilled, and in some languages the trill is the primary realization of the consonant. Although there is no official symbol for an epiglottal trill in the IPA, ⟨ᴙ⟩ (reversed ⟨ʀ⟩, homographic to Cyrillic ⟨я⟩) is occasionally used in the literature.

In some descriptions of the northern dialect of Haida, the term "pharyngeal trill" refers to this sound. (Epiglottals are sometimes considered a subcategory of pharyngeal consonants.)

In addition to the occurrence of this sound as a consonant, strident vowels are defined by an accompanying epiglottal trill.

International Phonetic Alphabet
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Encodings
Consonants
IPA pulmonic consonants chartchart imageaudio
Place Labial Coronal Dorsal Radical Glottal
Manner Bila​bial Labio​dental Den​tal Alve​olar Post​alv. Retro​flex Pal​a​tal Ve​lar Uvu​lar Pha​ryn​geal Epi​glot​tal Glot​tal
Nasal m ɱ n ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ ŋ̊ ŋ ɴ
Plosive p b t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ
Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ
Approximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ
Trill ʙ r ɽ͡r ʀ я *
Flap or tap ⱱ̟ ɾ ɽ ɢ̆ ʡ̯
Lateral Fric. ɬ ɮ ɭ˔̊ ʎ̥˔ ʟ̝̊ ʟ̝
Lateral Appr. l ɭ ʎ ʟ
Lateral flap ɺ ɺ̠ ʎ̯
Non-pulmonic consonants
Clicks ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ
ʘ̃ ʘ̃ˀ ʘ͡q ʘ͡qʼ
Implosives ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ
Ejectives ʈʼ
θʼ ɬʼ χʼ
tsʼ tɬʼ cʎ̝̥ʼ tʃʼ ʈʂʼ kxʼ kʟ̝̊ʼ
Affricates
p̪f b̪v ts dz ʈʂ ɖʐ
ɟʝ cʎ̥˔ kʟ̝̊
Co-articulated consonants
Fricatives ɕ ʑ ɧ
Approximants ʍ w ɥ ɫ
Stops k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m
These tables contain phonetic symbols, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help]
Where symbols appear in pairs, left—right represent the voiceless—voiced consonants.
Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible.
* Symbol not defined in IPA.
Chart image
  • Pulmonics
  • Non-pulmonics
  • Affricates
  • Co-articulated
Vowels
Front Near-​front Central Near-​back Back
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i yɨ ʉɯ uɪ ʏɪ̈ ʊ̈ʊe øɘ ɵɤ o ø̞ əɤ̞ ɛ œɜ ɞʌ ɔæ ɐa ɶäɑ ɒ
Near-close
Close-mid
Mid
Open-mid
Near-open
Open
Vowels: IPA help • chartchart with audio
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